The most basic maintenance begins with our senses. Electrical and mechanical equipment tend to produce distinct sights, sounds, or smells before it fails. However, our senses have strict limitations. BACK TO SCIENCE CLASS Anything above zero kelvin will produce infrared radiation. There is no molecular movement at 0 K, including electron movement. When electrons move back into inner atomic orbitals (which …
The overall differential protection for a generator step-up transformer (GSU) began to trip when the generator was synced to the plant switchyard. Figure 1 shows the one-line diagram for the overall differential protection. There is one set of current transformers (CTs) on the high side of the GSU, one set of CTs on the low side of the GSU not …
How much heat does it take to burn unprotected skin? Not very much, right? We’ve all had it happen to us: Just stay outside in the sun for a short amount of time with unprotected skin, and there you have it — a burn to your skin. Now, place unprotected skin in front of a potential source of great heat, …
Welcome to Orlando, Florida, and PowerTest 2023! We are excited to return to Florida and enjoy the sunshine and warm weather. I hope everyone can enjoy golf or some of the theme parks in the local area while also participating in the premier electrical testing and safety conference. Electric motors play a crucial role in many modern technologies, including transportation …
This article demonstrates how to use numerical generator protection relay profile capability to measure the stator ground capacitance of a large combustion turbine generator. The measurements are taken when the generator is on-line and running at full speed while the generator breaker is open (no load), and again during startup as the exported power increases. The stator capacitance-to-ground (Figure 1) …
In late August 2022, the NFPA 70E Technical Committee met for the Second Draft meeting related to the revision of what will be the 2024 edition of NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace. This was the step in the revision process where the 70E Technical Committee meets to review Public Comments as well as NFPA Correlating Committee …
As so many parts of the world face challenges due to extreme weather and geological events, I want to take a moment to recognize electrical workers and their families. As we all have learned, the electrical infrastructure is quite possibly the most essential part of our life these days. We tend to forget that we can’t accomplish many of the …
As part of the electrification of a facility, it is commonly thought that merely connecting the system to a driven ground rod means that the building is grounded. It’s not that simple. By pure luck, such an approach may indeed work. But the considerable value of the building, the efficiency of operation, the wealth of information and knowledge that is …
NETA Certified Technicians must continually adjust to advancing technology and diagnostic testing techniques. Over the years, cable testing has advanced to where multiple testing methods can be selected. After careful consideration of system requirements, a site owner may choose off-line partial discharge (PD) testing as one of their cable testing methods. This quiz looks at some details on partial discharge …
Several regulatory agencies direct which documents are required when performing a company’s tasks. In some cases, federal and state requirements must be adhered to for the same task or hazard. For example, in the United States, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and state environmental agencies such as the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection (MA DEP) regulate potential environmental …